POVERTY IN RUSSIA AND ITS ECONOMIC ORIGINS

Ryzhkova Yuliya Anatol'evna, Candidate of economic sciences, associate professor, sub-department of economics and world economy, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), ulya_01@list.ru
Polikashina Valeriya Andreevna, Student, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), valeriyapolikashina@yandex.ru
Shiganova Maria Aleksandrovna, Student, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), masha1234_94@mail.ru

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Background. Nowadays, the problems of the social sphere are one of the sharpest in Russia. The poverty problem is the most outstanding of them. Probably, its relevance is connected with the economic crisis of 2008. The problem of poverty is the most widely discussed in the Russian politics and science. The goal of the study is to analyze a situation on the labor market of the Penza region, to consider the social policy of Russia and to develop solutions to the poverty problem.
Materials and methods. Realization of the research objectives concerning the Penza region was achieved on the basis of the analysis of unemployment rate’s statistics of the Penza region in comparison with other regions of Russia, reflected in the economic research by RIA-Analytics. According to these data the authors studied the dynamics of the unemployment trend’s changes in the Penza region in comparison with other regions of Russia. Then the researchers took a detailed consideration of the data by the State Statistics Service on the Penza region which allowed to identify positive changes of the unemployment rate in the region. Also the main directions of the social policy of Russia were considered as one of the most productive methods of fighting unemployment. The methodology includes the methods of comparative analysis which allow to compare unemployment indicators as comparing regions of the country, and various data on the Penza region, such as the unemployment rate, salary, etc.
Results. The situation in the social sphere of Russia and especially of the Penza region was studied. The unemployment rate dynamics across the Penza region was analysed. The situation on the regional labor market was revealed and the directions of the social policy of the Russian Federation were considered.
Conclusions. Unemployment leads to inactivity of a certain part of employable population, leading to qualification loss, decline of moral foundations, family disintegration, public and political disorders. And the modern market economy needs highly skilled workers who are creative in their duties, can take extraordinary decisions and bear responsibility for them, as well as can search for new constructive ideas. The prospective social policy of the Russian Federation will be aimed at steady and dynamic improvement of life quality, solution of demographic and social problems.

unemployment, causes of unemployment, average wages in Penza region.

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